GREEK CULTURE IN 4TH
CENTURY BC
LATE CLASSICAL SCULPTURE.
PRAXITELES.
ARCHITECTURE. CORINTHIAN
CAPITALS. THOLOS (-OI). TEMPLE TO APOLLO AT DIDYMA. MAUSOLEUM. CITY PLANNING.
PRIENE. STOA.
PAINTING.
PLATO (427-347 BC). SOCRATES.
RESISTANCE TO SOPHISTIC TEACHING. THEORY OF THE FORMS (EIDEA): THE UNCHANGING WORLD. GOODNESS. JUSTICE.
MATHEMATICS (Òthings knownÓ). *ALLEGORY OF THE CAVE. THE SOUL AS FORM.
EDUCATION. THE JUSTICE OF THE POLIS and of the individual: RULERS (reason),
WARRIORS (desires), WORKERS (will). PLATOSÕ SCHOOL IN THE ÒGROVE OF ACADEMEÓ.
PROTAGORAS PLATO'S
PROTAGORAS
ARISTOTLE (384-322 BC).
LYCEUM. INDUCTION FROM NATURE TO GENERAL PRINCIPLES. BIOLOGY. LOGIC. TELEOLOGY
(Òstudy of endsÓ), THEORY OF POTENTIALITY AS AN EXPLANATION FOR CHANGE. PRIME
MOVER (Òcauseless causeÓ). DOCTRINE OF THE MEAN. LIFE IN THE POLIS, THE TELOS OF HUMANITY. THE NATURAL SUPERIORITY OF MALES OVER
FEMALES AND SLAVES.